![]() Funk Arose as a popular dance style in 1960s-70s. Traditional (early) jazz A jazz style associated first with african-american musicians in New Orleans around the beginning of the twentieth century, and drawing upon African, European, and African-American musical styles (ragtime and blues.) Blue rock The style emphasized a reliance on blues chord progressions,long and developed guitar improvisations, frequent use of riffs, heavy distortion, loud volume, and generally featured a rhythm section. ![]() Swing A style of popular music that featured jazz big bands, which featured sections of trumpets, trombones, saxophones, rhythm section, and a singer. Samba Afro-Brazilian dance music that influenced jazz from the 1950s characterized by a duple meter and medium to fast tempo Brazilian urban sambas associated with Carnival. Salsa A 1960s-70s fusion of Cuban, Puerto Rican, and other Caribbean styles updated from of mambo. Riff A short repeated melodic-rhythmic phrase producing momentum, either in the musical foreground or background. The rhythm section musicians also listen sensitively to those who may be improvising, playing, or singing melody, and anticipate and/or react musically to what they are hearing. (A beat marks musical time in terms of pulses.) It also contributes to musical harmony, color, and melody. The role of the rhythm section is not limited to providing a steady tempo (speed of music) or a beat. This group of instruments is mostly compromised of a drum set, bass, keyboard, and guitar. Rhythm section In context of rock/pop, jazz, blues, and other related musical styles (i.e., Gospel and country), a group of instruments within a larger ensemble that functions as a unit and not 3-4 independent instruments. Early composers of rGs included Scott Joplin and Tom Turpin. Rags, which imitated the banjo-like rhythms from minstrelsy, were mostly notated, as opposed to being improvised. Melodies (played by the right hand) were generally syncopated or jagged while the left-hand accompaniment continuously sounded with the metric pulses (like a polka or march). Ragtime A pre-jazz highly syncopated music style first popular in the 1890s and played chief by pianists. ![]() Montuno A syncopated and repeated harmonic and melodic accompanying part used in Afro-Caribbean music (i.e., in mambo and salsa). Mambo Afro-Cuban dance style of the late 1940s-50s that fused with big band swing unison sections played after improvisations in Cuban music of the same period and in 1970s salsa. Latin jazz Jazz fused with dance styles and rhythms from Central America, the Caribbean, or South America (mostly from Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Brazil). By the 1970s jazz-rock was known as fusion. This style is an instrumental ensemble-oriented music, as opposed to single musician focused music. Jazz-rock fusion A 1960s -70s style of jazz that combines elements of jazz and rock, particularly jazz improvisational techniques and styles, extended jazz improvisations, jazz harmony, and rock/funk rhythmic patterns and timbres (especially through use of electronic instruments and effects). ![]()
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